2022
December
13
Tuesday

Monitor Daily Podcast

December 13, 2022
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Headlines today hint at the dawn of a new energy age. But they also show the power of persistence.

For the first time, a nuclear fusion experiment has produced more energy in a reaction than was used to ignite it, researchers at the Energy Department’s Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California said Tuesday. 

The energy production, which happened in the wee hours of Dec. 5, lasted just a fraction of a nanosecond. Yet behind that was decades of envisioning and working toward this moment.

And it will take years more work if the technology is to move from the lab to the world’s power grids. Advances are also happening, of course, in other energy sources beyond fossil fuels, from geothermal to solar. But the quest for nuclear fusion is well worth watching.  

“Each experiment we do is building on 60 years of work in this field,” Alex Zylstra, principal experimentalist on the project, said Tuesday at an announcement event livestreamed from Livermore.

One small example: This particular experiment came after seven months of labor to create the tiny capsule to contain the deuterium and tritium (hydrogen isotopes) that were bombarded in the lab by the world’s most powerful laser system. 

In short, just as it takes a lot of energy to force the nuclei of two atoms to fuse (giving off energy in the process), it takes a lot of grit and commitment by teams of humans to make that happen.

The work is going on not just at the Livermore Lab but also – as the Monitor has reported – in Europe’s ITER facility, which is pursuing a different approach to harnessing fusion. Private companies also promise to play increasingly important roles. 

Along the way, the participants are cheering one another along.

“We’re very supportive of each other in this community,” Tammy Ma, who leads Livermore’s Inertial Fusion Energy Institutional Initiative, said at the Tuesday event. “We really just want to see fusion energy happen” as an abundant and low-carbon resource.


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Today’s stories

And why we wrote them

A deeper look

Melanie Stetson Freeman/Staff
An early snow covers Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Nov. 14. Canadians, like many in the West, are bracing for spikes in heating costs.

In Europe, a civic responsibility ethos is taking hold as residents dim lights and lower thermostats to confront brewing economic and energy crises. Across the Atlantic, Americans are taking a more individualistic approach to resilience.

The Explainer

Jose Luis Gonzalez/Reuters
Migrants, mostly from Nicaragua, who were kidnapped by organized crime in the state of Durango and released days later by the Mexican army, cross the Río Bravo to turn themselves in to U.S. Border Patrol agents to request asylum in El Paso, Texas, as seen from Ciudad Juárez, Dec. 11, 2022.

U.S. immigration reform has been needed for a generation. But amid rancor over the border, immigration experts point to Ukrainian refugees as an example of how policy can be successfully adapted for modern times. They point to it, right now, as an isolated example.

SOURCE:

U.S. Customs and Border Protection, UNHCR

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Jacob Turcotte/Staff

For decades Washington has been the unquestioned patron and protector of its allies in the Gulf. Now the Gulf states want to diversify their ties: Enter China.

Q&A

As guardians of democracy, journalists have a constitutionally protected role to play in society, says veteran journalist Margaret Sullivan. She urges news organizations to recommit to their core purpose: serving the public.  

Difference-maker

MICHAEL GREENLAR/SPECIAL TO THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR
Middle school students play relay ball at H.W. Smith Pre-K-8 School in Syracuse, New York, in October. They are part of Building Men, a program founded by Joe Horan.

Joe Horan felt that society’s definition of masculinity was leading him down the wrong path. So he built a positive vision of manhood not just for himself, but also for the teenagers he mentors.


The Monitor's View

For the first time, an experiment in nuclear fusion has produced more power than it consumed in making it. That milestone holds huge potential for the world’s energy security beyond the era of fossil fuels.

The numbers for this achievement are daunting. Scientists at the National Ignition Facility in Livermore, California, shot 192 laser beams at a target smaller than a peppercorn, suspended in a chamber under temperatures 10 times hotter than the sun and twice the pressure at its core. The accuracy of the shot had to be within five-trillionths of a meter, its timing within 25-trillionths of a second. The whole event required less time than it takes light to travel an inch.

But think of it in terms of the nonmaterial values that were at work in creating this scientific breakthrough: insight into the laws of the universe, precision in applying them, and faith in the progress of human knowledge. This historic success is about “seeing what was possible,” said Alex Zylstra, the lab’s principal experimentalist.

Fusion is one of the most common physics processes in the universe, the core activity of every star, including the sun. But reproducing it has posed one of the greatest scientific challenges. There are nearly 100 laboratories worldwide developing different models for fusion. Nearly 40 more are being planned or constructed. Private enterprises have proliferated in the past five years.

It’s not hard to see why interest is accelerating. The fuel inputs for fusion are abundant on Earth – enough to power humanity’s needs for at least 2,000 years, perhaps indefinitely. It is carbon-free, and its radioactive byproduct dissipates quickly. It holds the potential of not just moving humanity beyond dependence on fossil fuels, but also removing carbon already emitted into the atmosphere. Significant scientific and engineering challenges remain. But the Biden administration has set a goal of making fusion commercially viable within a decade.

“We were in a position for a very long time where [commercialization] never got closer,” said Kim Budil, director of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, where the National Ignition Facility is based, “because we needed this first fundamental step. So we’re in a great position today to begin understanding just what it will take to make that next step."

At a moment of profound concern about the future of life on Earth, a brief starburst in a bucket has given a new view of unprecedented potential. In a hundred-trillionth of a second, humanity has caught a new glimpse of thought unbound.


A Christian Science Perspective

About this feature

Each weekday, the Monitor includes one clearly labeled religious article offering spiritual insight on contemporary issues, including the news. The publication – in its various forms – is produced for anyone who cares about the progress of the human endeavor around the world and seeks news reported with compassion, intelligence, and an essentially constructive lens. For many, that caring has religious roots. For many, it does not. The Monitor has always embraced both audiences. The Monitor is owned by a church – The First Church of Christ, Scientist, in Boston – whose founder was concerned with both the state of the world and the quality of available news.

Learning to let God’s pure love, rather than willfulness, guide our efforts to care for others opens the door to inspiration that blesses all involved.


A message of love

Lisa Marie David/Reuters
People visit a Christmas light show in Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines, Dec. 13, 2022.
( The illustrations in today’s Monitor Daily are by Karen Norris. )

A look ahead

Thanks for joining us today. See you again tomorrow, when our lineup will span from the World Cup to stories on how Ukrainians and Venezuelans are faring under differing forms of hardship.

More issues

2022
December
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Tuesday

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