In the early 1990s, video games advanced from 8-bit to 16-bit processors, which was a thrilling visual step forward for video game players, but a horrifying step toward realistic gore for some parents and those wary of the video game industry. The popularity of games like Mortal Kombat and Doom highlighted the violent nature of some video games to the point where Sen. Joe Lieberman held hearings on the effects of video games on society. A rating system was demanded.
The Entertainment Software Rating Board was created in 1994 with the goal of rating video games to offer a better idea of what each game may include. The ratings range from Early Childhood, Everyone, Everyone 10+, Teen, Mature, and Adults Only, and are printed on the front of each video game box. Each game is rated based on its most graphic content by anonymous raters who either have experience as educators or as parents. The ratings also can restrict sales: If the video game has either a ‘Mature’ or ‘Adults Only’ rating, retailers have the choice of whether they will sell the game to children under 17 or 18 years without parental consent.