2022
April
01
Friday

Monitor Daily Podcast

April 01, 2022
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April Austin
Weekly Deputy Editor, Books Editor

When you think about the basic needs of Ukrainian refugee children, books would seem to occupy a place much farther down the list than food, clothing, and shelter. But for Maria Deskur, CEO of Poland’s Universal Reading Foundation, the idea of giving books to children is nearly as urgent. 

“The help for kids here is crucial,” Ms. Deskur explains in a video chat from Warsaw. “Reading to a child creates a sense of safety, the feeling that ‘If we have time to read a book, that means we are OK,’” she says. 

Her foundation aims to get as many Ukrainian-language books into the hands of refugees as possible. With 20,000 books still in transit out of Ukraine, her group has distributed about 30,000 printed by Polish publishers. Ms. Deskur would love to see the overall number rise to 200,000 or even 500,000 books, including those for teens and adults. The Universal Reading Foundation has so far raised $170,000 toward its goal.  

The organization, whose purpose is to increase literacy rates in Poland, has another motive behind its efforts – encouraging reading as a civic good. At the end of World War II, Poland’s libraries and publishing industry lay in ruins. 

“After 70 years, we are still behind the other societies where that didn’t happen,” Ms. Deskur says. “We have to help Ukraine so this doesn’t happen there.”

The challenge is vast. One million Ukrainian children have arrived in Poland and more are coming every day. The consequences of low literacy rates “are terrible. A society that reads is more open; it’s a society that can enter into a dialogue and understand each other better,” Ms. Deskur says.


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Today’s stories

And why we wrote them

Dominique Soguel
Gyöngyi Bors sits with her grandchildren during a Fidesz rally in Budapest, Hungary, on March 15, 2022. “We really trust in Viktor Orbán,” she says of the prime minister. “As long as he is in power, this country is safe and the people of Hungary are safe."

For some Hungarians, Viktor Orbán’s close ties to Russia aren’t cause to vote for his opponent. They’re a reason the prime minister is best suited to keep Hungary safe from the war in Ukraine.

Rich Kirchner/Balance/Photoshot/Newscom/File
Researchers at Lake Bonney Camp take ice core samples in Taylor Valley, Antarctica, Feb. 5, 2021. Ice cores can help scientists understand long-term climate history – and to see, for instance, whether East Antarctica has experienced heat waves similar to a recent one.

Antarctica holds mysteries with big implications for Earth’s environment. Recent news of a massive ice breakup may, to borrow an apt metaphor, be just the tip of the iceberg.

SOURCE:

Velocity data generated using auto-RIFT (Gardner et al., 2018) and provided by the NASA MEaSUREs ITS_LIVE project (Gardner et al., 2019); U.S. National Ice Center

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Jacob Turcotte/Staff

A deeper look

Neo Ntsoma/AP
Workers in a garment factory in Maseru, Lesotho, in February 2022. “[Americans] just want to wear these products – they don’t care how we are living to make them,” says Rorisang Kamoli, who has worked in factories like this one for more than a decade.

More than 1.25 billion pairs of bluejeans are sold worldwide every year. The round-the-world journey of a single pair of Levi’s made in a factory in Lesotho shines a light on the cost of America’s voracious appetite for fast fashion. 

Q&A

A formula for happiness may seem too good to be true, but a new book takes the idea of happiness beyond self-help, offering simple ideas we can all explore for deeper meaning.

Watch

A ‘nest’ where children, and a language, are nurtured

For endangered languages, the key to survival is producing fluent speakers. One Alaska Native community finds hope in – and help from – its youngest members. 

This day care helps a language survive


The Monitor's View

Reuters
Kenya's President Uhuru Kenyatta (R) talks to opposition leader Raila Odinga at a March 12 political conference which endorsed Odinga as a presidential candidate for this year's general elections.

In one of the world’s most unstable regions, the global drift toward authoritarianism has hit a wall, one draped in the red and black of judicial robes. Kenya’s Supreme Court ruled this week against President Uhuru Kenyatta, who had proposed constitutional changes that might have enabled him to remain influential in a new office.

The decision, on what was essentially a procedural question of executive power, illustrates how young societies – particularly those emerging from colonial pasts – develop the rule of law: not by inheriting systems of government, but through a deepening conviction in the moral foundations of equal liberty protected by an independent and impartial judiciary.

The decision will not only resonate in Africa, where rulers find it easy to manipulate the law to stay in power, but perhaps around the world. In its latest survey, Freedom House found that 60 countries saw a decline on key aspects of democracy. The trend has left only 20% of the global population living in what the survey calls “free” countries. In Africa, notes Leiden University law professor Nick Huls, even though all 54 countries have a written constitution, “a culture of constitutionalism is often missing.” Earlier gains in judicial independence on the continent have lately been in retreat.

During Kenya’s first 40 years of independence, as Chief Justice Martha Koome noted, the first two presidents pushed through 30 constitutional amendments to concentrate and perpetuate their power. That remains a common tactic in Africa. It is how Uganda’s President Yoweri Museveni extended his 36-year grip on power last year.

Kenya has shed that tendency gradually as its citizens have demanded better governance. A three-year process culminating in the new 2010 constitution was widely inclusive. The new document rebalanced power among the branches of government and entrenched the rights of women and marginalized communities. By 2020, 88% of Kenyans agreed that government must always follow the law and 74% said presidents must respect court decisions, according to the polling group Afrobarometer.

The court’s decision on March 31 related to a presidential push for a constitutional amendment to create a new office of prime minister side by side with the presidency. Critics saw this as an attempt by Mr. Kenyatta, who cannot seek a third term later this year, to retain power and weaken political opposition. The Supreme Court ruling upheld two lower court decisions that found he had introduced the amendment unconstitutionally. The decision marked the second time the court has flexed its independence under the new constitution. In 2017 it annulled the presidential election, citing widespread discrepancies, and ordered that it be held again.

Justice Njoki Ndung’u, who dissented in the court’s interpretation of how the constitution allows for amendments, nonetheless observed, “Kenyans wanted to have a head of state who would not whimsically amend the constitution.”

Significantly, Mr. Kenyatta did not oppose the ruling in 2017. Nor has he now. At a turbulent moment globally, Kenya has reaffirmed judicial independence. More than a check on the actions of a president, it sends a timely message about democratic rule of law that restrains personal power and ensures self-governance.


A Christian Science Perspective

About this feature

Each weekday, the Monitor includes one clearly labeled religious article offering spiritual insight on contemporary issues, including the news. The publication – in its various forms – is produced for anyone who cares about the progress of the human endeavor around the world and seeks news reported with compassion, intelligence, and an essentially constructive lens. For many, that caring has religious roots. For many, it does not. The Monitor has always embraced both audiences. The Monitor is owned by a church – The First Church of Christ, Scientist, in Boston – whose founder was concerned with both the state of the world and the quality of available news.

Opening our hearts to a more expansive understanding of the Love that is God can make a big difference in our lives.


A message of love

Hasnoor Hussain/Reuters
Officers of Malaysia's Islamic authority use a theodolite to perform "rukyah," the sighting of the new moon that signals the start of Ramadan, in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, April 1, 2022. Muslims around the world observe a month of fasting, reflection, and prayer.
( The illustrations in today’s Monitor Daily are by Karen Norris. )

A look ahead

Thank you for joining us today. Come back Monday, when our Story Hinckley profiles a former police officer and veteran of the Iraq War, one of the hundreds of people charged in the Jan. 6, 2021, riot at the U.S. Capitol. His trial begins next week.

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2022
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