2020
January
03
Friday

Monitor Daily Podcast

January 03, 2020
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Today we look at escalation in the conflict between the U.S. and Iran, its wider global fallout, an anthropologist’s role in the Ebola crisis, progress for women in Russia, and a Hiroshima survivor’s ongoing quest for disarmament. But first some good news from Washington.

Sometimes people need a little nudge to do something – even when it's in their own interest. That’s the human-behavior insight behind the rise of automatically enrolling workers in retirement-savings plans, and even automatically raising the contribution rate as their income goes up.

Some critics decry an implicit paternalism (though people are free to opt out). But the idea helped win economist Richard Thaler a Nobel Prize in 2017. Now it is also embodied in a new U.S. law. 

The bipartisan Secure Act is designed to mend a national shortfall in retirement savings. By one estimate, half of U.S. households are at risk of not having enough to maintain their living standards in retirement. 

The law includes a tax credit for small employers to boost auto enrollment. Other key changes in the law, which went into effect this week, include making it easier for small businesses to offer retirement plans, making plans available to many part-time workers, and encouraging employers to offer annuities alongside other investment choices in 401(k) plans. It also tweaks some rules for contributions and required distributions.

The changes may be more incremental than revolutionary. But retirement expert Alicia Munnell at Boston College says they lean in a positive direction. She tells MarketWatch that having access to retirement plans and being auto enrolled “is probably the biggest thing that could improve the retirement outlook for people.”  


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Today’s stories

And why we wrote them

Iraqi Prime Minister Press Office/AP
A vehicle burns at the Baghdad International Airport following an airstrike early Friday, Jan. 3, 2020. The Pentagon said the U.S. military had killed Maj. Gen. Qassem Soleimani, head of Iran's elite Qods Force, at the direction of President Donald Trump.

The decision by President Trump to launch the strike that killed a top Iranian general is being seen as an acute escalation, raising questions about what the administration expected. Was there a disconnect?

For much of his time in office, President Trump has been known to attack his adversaries on Twitter but not militarily. Suddenly, in foreign capitals around the world, leaders may feel they have to reassess that.

A deeper look

Kudra Maliro
Anthropologist Julienne Anoko speaks to a local leader in the village of Butiaba in eastern Congo. Dr. Anoko works to improve relationships between local communities affected by Ebola and international health care workers.

This anthropologist brings deep expertise to the fight against Ebola. But what affected communities may remember is that she sat down and listened – that she tried to see the world through their eyes, and act on what she saw.

Russia has long legally forbidden women from taking certain jobs in an effort to “protect” them. That is now changing, but lowering the legal hurdles to equality is just a first step in effecting cultural change, experts say.

Difference-maker

Andrew Milligan/PA/AP/File
Hiroshima survivor Setsuko Thurlow, seen here in Edinburgh in May 2016, during a campaign against nuclear weapons, advocates against nuclear armament. Ms. Thurlow was 13 when American forces dropped an atomic bomb on her home city in August 1945.

Setsuko Thurlow survived the atomic bombing of Hiroshima. Now, she devotes her life to revealing the human effects of nuclear arms and ensuring that nuclear events are not forgotten – or repeated. 


The Monitor's View

Michael Spooneybarger/Reuters/File
Empty beer cans litter the beach during spring break festivities in Panama City Beach, Fla.

A century ago this month well-meaning reformers managed to ban the purchase or transportation of alcoholic beverages in the United States. Their high aim was to eliminate the drunkenness that had led to so much human misery.

The 18th Amendment that brought Prohibition stayed in effect only 13 years until repealed in 1933. Though the law produced many good outcomes (Henry Ford noted that absenteeism on his automobile assembly lines dropped dramatically) it has largely been seen as a failed attempt at governmental social engineering. The reformers had quickly lost the public relations battle: Drinking in defiance of the ban became a show of personal freedom, an exuberant way to defy authority. So much for that noble effort to end a social scourge.

But 100 years later the abstinence movement seems to be rising from the opposite direction, welling up, one individual at a time, in people who sense that drinking isn’t making their lives better or happier, but rather worse. 

The “Dry January” movement began in Britain seven years ago. The idea was to make the first month of the year a time to experiment with a life without alcohol. Another anti-drinking meme called Sober Curious extends the concept to any time of year. 

Last year 47% of Americans said they were making an effort to cut their consumption of alcohol, according to research firm Nielsen. That figure rose to 66% among millennials.

Suddenly nonalcoholic drinks (“mocktails” and zero-alcohol beer) are in fashion. Even some alcohol-free nightspots have sprung up. 

Warnings about long-term effects on physical and mental health from alcohol use have been issued for many years. But they’ve failed to have much influence on what is a day-to-day, live-in-the-moment decision. 

This time around people are finding plenty of immediate good effects to be a persuasive reason to quit. “I actually have more fun without alcohol,” one recovering alcoholic recently told CBS News.

“I noticed I was sleeping better, I had more energy, I felt less anxious. It was easier to stick to my healthy eating goals,” a Dry January participant is quoted as saying on the WebMD website. Eventually, the woman adds, she realized she didn’t even want to drink anymore.

The costs to society of drinking are well known. The movement to stop drunk driving continues to spotlight the tragic results of alcohol abuse. The link between alcohol abuse and violent attacks on women has been well established.

So, do Dry January and Sober Curious signal that a deep and lasting change in public attitudes is emerging? Will they lead to wider recognition that the joys of life can be celebrated, and actually experience more deeply, without inebriation? 

That shift in thought would do more good than any new law reformers might ever devise.


A Christian Science Perspective

About this feature

Each weekday, the Monitor includes one clearly labeled religious article offering spiritual insight on contemporary issues, including the news. The publication – in its various forms – is produced for anyone who cares about the progress of the human endeavor around the world and seeks news reported with compassion, intelligence, and an essentially constructive lens. For many, that caring has religious roots. For many, it does not. The Monitor has always embraced both audiences. The Monitor is owned by a church – The First Church of Christ, Scientist, in Boston – whose founder was concerned with both the state of the world and the quality of available news.

For one man, the realization that God has made us spiritual, active, and beautiful proved life-changing, freeing him from unhealthy habits and bringing energy and balance.


A message of love

Aly Song/Reuters
Photojournalists strive to capture moments that tell a full story, bringing news from the remotest corners of the globe in an instant. Through them we learn more about the world, and ourselves. Here is a roundup of photos from this week that Monitor photo editors found the most compelling.
( The illustrations in today’s Monitor Daily are by Karen Norris and Jacob Turcotte. )

A look ahead

Thanks for joining us today. Come back Monday when the Monitor's Harry Bruinius introduces readers to New Yorkers rallying in support of the city's Jewish residents in the wake of a rash of anti-Semitic attacks.

More issues

2020
January
03
Friday

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