U.K. pledges new funding for Ukrainian air defense

British Prime Minister Keir Starmer said March 2 he does not see the United States as an unreliable ally, but Europe must continue to provide funding for Ukraine to put it in a stronger position if peace is negotiated.

Wrapping up a security summit in London with other European and world leaders, Mr. Starmer said that nobody wanted to see the breakdown in talks that happened Feb. 28 at the White House but that the U.S. remains an important ally.

“The U.S. has been a reliable ally to the U.K. for many, many decades and continues to be,” Mr. Starmer said. “There are no two countries as closely aligned as our two countries.”

Mr. Starmer said the plan he is working on for peace in Ukraine is intended to receive U.S. backing. The U.K. will use 1.6 billion pounds ($2 billion) in export financing to supply 5,000 air defense missiles for Ukraine, he said.

And he warned that Europe had to do the heavy lifting in defending itself.

Earlier, Mr. Starmer told leaders at the summit that they need to step up and continue to support Kyiv and meet a “once in a generation moment” for the security of Europe.

“Even while Russia talks about peace, they are continuing their relentless aggression,” Mr. Starmer said at the opening of the meeting.

Mr. Starmer, flanked by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and French President Emmanuel Macron, said the three of them had agreed to work on a plan to stop the fighting, and take that to the U.S., which has discussed brokering a peace deal.

“We need to agree what steps come out of this meeting to deliver peace through strength for the benefit of all,” he said. “So, let’s get started.”

The meeting comes two days after U.S. support for Ukraine appeared in greater jeopardy after President Donald Trump lashed out at Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and said he wasn’t grateful enough for U.S. support.

The March 2 meeting is an important step

The London meeting has taken on greater importance in defending the war-torn ally and shoring up the continent’s defenses.

Mr. Starmer told the BBC he does not trust Russian President Vladimir Putin but does trust Mr. Trump. “Do I believe Donald Trump when he says he wants lasting peace? The answer to that is yes,” he said.

Mr. Starmer said there are “intense discussions” to get a security guarantee from the U.S.

“If there is to be a deal, if there is to be a stopping of the fighting, then that agreement has to be defended, because the worst of all outcomes is that there is a temporary pause and then [Russian President Vladimir] Putin comes again,” Mr. Starmer said. “That has happened in the past, I think it is a real risk, and that is why we must ensure that if there’s a deal, it is a lasting deal, not a temporary pause.”

The three essentials Mr. Starmer listed for a successful peace deal were: arming the Ukrainians to put them in a position of strength; including a European element to guarantee security; and providing a “U.S. backstop,” to prevent Mr. Putin from breaking promises.

“That’s the package. All three parts need to be in place, and that’s what I’m working hard to bring together,” Mr. Starmer said.

Mr. Starmer hosted the meeting at Lancaster House, a 200-year-old mansion near Buckingham Palace, following a charm offensive last week to persuade Mr. Trump to put Ukraine at the center of negotiations and tilt his allegiances toward Europe.

Leaders from Germany, Denmark, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Spain, Canada, Finland, Sweden, the Czech Republic, and Romania were at the summit. The Turkish foreign minister, NATO secretary-general, and the presidents of the European Commission and European Council were also in attendance.

European leaders are backing Mr. Zelenskyy

Mr. Zelenskyy received broad support from leaders across Europe after the White House fiasco, an exceptional attack on an ally broadcast on live television.

Mr. Starmer embraced Mr. Zelenskyy as he arrived at the meeting March 2.

Europe has been anxious since Mr. Trump initiated direct peace talks with Mr. Putin, who had been isolated by most Western leaders since invading Ukraine three years ago. The scramble to remain relevant and protect European interests as their once stalwart ally appeared to be cozying up to Mr. Putin was even more troubling when Mr. Trump called Mr. Zelenskyy a dictator and falsely said Ukraine started the war.

Meetings in recent days had provided some hope – until Mr. Zelenskyy’s visit to the White House.

Visits to the Oval Office by Mr. Macron, who had declared his visit a “turning point,” and Mr. Starmer were seen as steps in the right direction. The meetings were cordial and Mr. Trump even took a gentler tone toward Ukraine, though he would not commit to providing U.S. security guarantees and maintained Europe would need to provide peacekeeping troops.

Within 12 hours of Mr. Starmer’s return from Washington, the talk of peace seemed to collapse as Vice President JD Vance berated Mr. Zelenskyy for challenging Mr. Trump’s assertions that Russian President Vladimir Putin could be trusted.

“Starmer did an impressive job of asserting Europe’s agency in the war on Ukraine and conveying to President Trump that Europe is willing and able to take a leading role in implementing any credible peace deal,” said Rachel Ellehuus, director-general of Royal United Services Institute, a defense and security think tank. “Unfortunately, Friday’s White House meeting was a major step backward.”

Ukraine can no longer count on military or political support from the U.S. after Mr. Trump declared himself neutral in negotiations, Ms. Ellehuus said. She said Europe needs to step in and could release some 200 billion euros ($207 billion) in seized Russian assets to help fund that effort.

“The immediate goal of the meetings in London must be to keep Ukraine in the fight so it can negotiate from a maximum position of strength,” she said.

European leaders pledge to increase military spending

Mr. Starmer pledged this week to boost military spending to 2.5% of gross domestic product by 2027. Other European nations may follow suit.

Czech Prime Minister Petr Fiala said March 1 that Europe faces a historic test and has to look after itself. He said European countries have to increase their arms spending to reach at least 3% of GDP.

“If we don’t increase our effort fast enough and let the aggressor dictate its conditions, we won’t end up well,” he said.

Mr. Macron, who said it was legitimate for the U.S. to shift its focus to dealing with China and Asia, also called for more defense spending as he called for unity.

“We should have woken up earlier,” Mr. Macron said. “I’ve been saying for years that we need a more sovereign, more united, more independent Europe.”

This story was reported by The Associated Press. Associated Press writers Jill Lawless in London, Karel Janicek in Prague, and Samuel Petrequin contributed.