• Federal: Federal hate-crime laws extended protection to crimes related to one’s sexual orientation or gender identity in 2009.
• States: At the state level, some states have laws that criminalize various types of bias-motivated violence or intimidation but lack the inclusion of gender identity or sexual orientation. Of the others, more than 30 states include sexual orientation in their hate-crime laws with just under half also including gender identity.
Full protections (14)
Laws address hate crimes related to both gender identity and sexual orientation:
-California
-Colorado
-Connecticut
-District of Columbia
-Hawaii
-Maryland
-Massachusetts
-Minnesota
-Missouri
-New Jersey
-New Mexico
-Oregon
-Vermont
-Washington
Some protections (17)
Laws address hate crimes only related to sexual orientation:
-Arizona
-Delaware
-Florida
-Illinois
-Iowa
-Kansas
-Kentucky
-Louisiana
-Maine
-Nebraska
-Nevada
-New Hampshire
-New York
-Rhode Island
-Tennessee
-Texas
-Wisconsin
No protections (20)
No laws that address hate crimes related to gender identity and sexual orientation:
-Alabama
-Alaska
-Arkansas
-Georgia
-Idaho
-Indiana
-Michigan
-Mississippi
-Montana
-North Carolina
-North Dakota
-Ohio
-Oregon
-Pennsylvania
-South Carolina
-South Dakota
-Utah
-Virginia
-West Virginia
-Wyoming
