The 1996 Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) bars the federal government from recognizing same-sex marriages, regardless of what states decide. As a result, same-sex spouses can’t receive Social Security survivor payments, insurance coverage under a spouse’s federal employee plan, or any other federal benefits that flow to married couples.
DOMA is currently facing a court challenge, and the Obama administration has said it will no longer defend the statute. Republicans in Congress have taken up the defense of DOMA through a private law firm.