2019
February
26
Tuesday

Monitor Daily Podcast

February 26, 2019
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Laurent Belsie
Senior Economics Writer

President Trump has won kudos for taking a tough stance on China’s dodgy trade practices. But the closer the two nations edge toward an agreement, the greater the skepticism that it will involve fundamental reform. The thinking is that the president is more anxious to get a deal and keep Wall Street happy than to push for substantive change.

On Sunday, announcing he was delaying his threatened increase of tariffs on Chinese imports, Mr. Trump cited “substantial progress” and said the agreement would address key issues, such as intellectual property protection and currency manipulation. On Monday he tweeted: “If a deal is made with China, our great American Farmers will be treated better than they have ever been treated before!” 

But China has committed to reforms before with no real follow-through. What really matters, trade experts say, is how the deal enforces compliance.

Rob Atkinson, who heads the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation in Washington, offers four components Americans should look for: a dramatic reduction in cybertheft; the end of forced technology transfer from foreign companies to Chinese firms; a 75 percent reduction in subsidies to companies; and real market opening to foreign firms in most industries with no requirement of a Chinese partner company. Also needed: a deadline and an outline of the consequences of noncompliance.

The administration needs “to make the Chinese [undertake] structural reforms,” Mr. Atkinson says. “They don't need the Chinese to buy more [American] soybeans.”

We’re also watching India and Pakistan. As a bonus read today, here’s a quick look at why tensions there – simmering since 1947 – have reached new levels.

Now to our five stories for today.


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Today’s stories

And why we wrote them

Jonathan Ernst/Reuters
Senator Lisa Murkowski (R) of Alaska arrived for the weekly Republican Party caucus luncheon at the Capitol in Washington Feb. 26. A number of Republicans in both houses of Congress have shown a willingness to split with President Trump over his national emergency declaration.

Why are so many Republican senators dithering over support for President Trump’s unusual push to build a border wall? It’s a case of competing conservative priorities (border security versus upholding the Constitution) and the 2020 elections.

Patterns

Tracing global connections

Saudi Arabia’s emerging ties with Asian nations, particularly China, are another sign of a fundamental shift in the world order.

Melanie Stetson Freeman/Staff
Officer Patrick MacFarlane, with the New Orleans Police Department, speaks with a man in the city’s French Quarter. The city has one of the oldest foot-patrol beats in the country.

Can the federal government really fix corruption in police departments, or do federal monitors increase crime by lowering officer morale? New Orleans – once known as the most abusive cop shop in the US – shows that lasting reform is possible.

The idea that philosophy is a suitable subject for children is a hard sell. But in France, where educators recognize the value of helping children understand a complex world, the practice is catching on. 

Walkability is increasingly valued, even as a changing climate gives Ottawa a thaw-freeze winter that encourages ice. A Council on Aging program is getting volunteers to pinpoint hazardous trouble spots.


The Monitor's View

AP
Gene-editing in a laboratory in Shenzhen, China, during work by scientist He Jiankui's team.

The world’s scientific community readily accepts regulation of its research for safety reasons. But not always to meet a moral standard. That may soon change. In March, the World Health Organization will convene a panel of 18 experts to examine the ethical and social challenges of editing genes for the purpose of reproduction.

In effect, the panel is tasked to come up with global guidelines on what it means to be human. In particular, the United Nations agency wants to decide whether science should continue perfecting gene-editing techniques that allow the choosing of physical or mental characteristics before a child is born.

WHO set up the panel with some urgency. In November, gene researchers across the world reacted with horror after a Chinese scientist, He Jiankui, announced he had created the first gene-edited babies. Some called the achievement “monstrous.” Others demanded a red line to allow such gene editing only when it is clearly safe and only for an agreed purpose, such as preventing illness. Mr. He, meanwhile, remains under house arrest as he awaits trial for allegedly violating Chinese law.

The good news is that WHO is acting as if humanity needs a global standard and can enforce it. This is an acknowledgment that universal values are at stake. Taking such a high stance fits the findings of a study by the University of Oxford, released in February, that looked at 600 societies around the world. “People everywhere face a similar set of social problems, and use a similar set of moral rules to solve them,” said anthropologist Oliver Scott Curry, the study’s lead author. “Everyone everywhere shares a common moral code.”

WHO’s hope for a standard may help lift the debate toward a higher understanding of life. Humans are not just another animal species. Together they have the capacity to discover principles that transcend the notion that each individual’s well-being must be based on physical attributes.

WHO is not alone in this task. In the United States, the National Academy of Medicine and the National Academy of Sciences joined with the Chinese Academy of Sciences in December and pushed for international gene-editing standards. In a joint statement, the leaders of the three organizations called on researchers “to take steps now to demonstrate that this new tool can be applied with competence, integrity, and benevolence.”

Applying qualities like integrity to questions about designing babies in a lab clearly takes the issue out of the realm of science. The WHO panel, in fact, includes nonscientists, such as a court judge from South Africa. The nonmedical experts will help bring views that can build a better consensus for shared norms on gene editing.

In the late 1990s, the US went through a similar debate after researchers unveiled news about Dolly the sheep, the first clone of an adult animal from a differentiated cell. President Bill Clinton set up a national advisory commission to explore the moral and spiritual aspects of human cloning. One poll found 77 percent of Americans said human cloning is against God’s will. At the same time, WHO’s governing committee declared such cloning to be “ethically unacceptable.”

In its coming deliberations, the agency’s panel of experts must be as transparent, reasonable, and accountable as it would expect gene researchers to be in their work. The right values will help inform the moral conclusions about whether or when to alter human genes. This approach relies on the fact that goodness is expressed by each individual, regardless of genes. The desire for the humanity-wide standards shows people are greater than any trust in DNA as life’s determinant.


A Christian Science Perspective

About this feature

Each weekday, the Monitor includes one clearly labeled religious article offering spiritual insight on contemporary issues, including the news. The publication – in its various forms – is produced for anyone who cares about the progress of the human endeavor around the world and seeks news reported with compassion, intelligence, and an essentially constructive lens. For many, that caring has religious roots. For many, it does not. The Monitor has always embraced both audiences. The Monitor is owned by a church – The First Church of Christ, Scientist, in Boston – whose founder was concerned with both the state of the world and the quality of available news.

As today’s contributor, a lifelong athlete, considered the nature of God as infinite Life and what that means for us as God’s children, he found freedom from painful symptoms he had attributed to his age.


A message of love

Andrew Harnik/AP
T-shirts depicting President Trump and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un are displayed for sale in Hanoi, Vietnam, Feb. 26. The second summit between the two men takes place in the city Feb. 27-28.
( The illustrations in today’s Monitor Daily are by Jacob Turcotte and Karen Norris. )

A look ahead

Thanks for joining us. Come back tomorrow when we examine how charter schools are making an about-face on “no excuses” discipline. 

More issues

2019
February
26
Tuesday

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