Obama's global 'norm' on chemical weapons in Syria

In his Tuesday address, President Obama asked Americans to support one goal: enforcing and preserving a global norm against the use of chemical weapons. His initial tactic was to threaten airstrikes on Syrian military targets. That has now led to a diplomatic drive for international control of Syria’s poison gas munitions. Whichever way events go, Mr. Obama has nonetheless put his stamp on one of history’s greatest causes: curbing dangerous weapons that kill indiscriminately.

The goal should not be forgotten in the days ahead.

In the long history of efforts at disarmament – from dealing with land mines to nuclear warheads – there have been few heroes. The task of arms control is lonely and complex. The benefits of peace are rarely recognized. The easy default among people and nations is to retain the means of mass violence. “The story of the human race is war,” wrote Winston Churchill in 1924.

Early in his presidency, Obama was eager to reduce the number of nuclear weapons in the world, based on the goals of the 1970 Non-Proliferation Treaty. He even received the Nobel Peace Prize in large part for his stated aim. But he has made little progress. And after the killing of schoolchildren in Newtown, Conn., he tried to curb the possession of guns in the United States that are capable of mass killing. He has so far failed.

Syria is his next opportunity to lay down a “norm” against weapons that are highly lethal, impersonal, and often random in their slaughter. If he succeeds, it will result not only in fewer killings but will reinforce the progress that humanity has made to replace the use of violence in settling disputes with peaceful means of resolution.

A global trend away from violence was highlighted by Harvard scholar Steven Pinker in his recent book “The Better Angels of our Nature.” One reason for the trend is a better view of each person’s inherent worth.

“There is a shift, both within countries and in international relations, from a morality based on national grandeur, the supremacy of a race, a nation, a religion, or class, toward a more humanistic ethic where the flourishing of individual men, women, and children is elevated as closer to a cardinal virtue,” he said in a recent talk.

Other scholars note a lower probability of conflict between great powers compared with a century ago. The risks of war in general are falling, according to the Peace Research Institute Oslo. Violence is also lower as more people hand over any legitimate purpose for violence – such as preventing crime – to an elected authority. As more societies create strong bonds of trust through shared values, they reject the use of weapons that can be easily misused against innocent people.

The global community, too, now has various treaties, such as those against chemical weapons, to curb the most destructive weapons through a “norm.” Often these treaties are designed by experts and negotiated by leaders. Obama has thrown the issue of deterring chemical weapons into the lap of the American people, asking them to push Congress to back his efforts.

His tactics, such as sending missiles into a Middle East war, may be in dispute but it is difficult to fault his goal. Obama should not be a lonely hero seeking disarmament on the path to a more peaceful world.